On the design of shape memory alloy wire bundle actuators kathryn j. Design of shape memory alloy sma actuators springerlink. Finite element modeling and fabrication of an smasmp shape memory composite actuator shape memory alloys and polymers have been extensively researched recently because of their unique ability to recover large deformations. A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of. Smart materials and structures paper engineering design framework for a shape memory alloy coil spring actuator using a static twostate model to cite this article. Active control of strain in a composite plate using shape.
Lifting an adjustable wrench with a sma spring by energization. Shape memory alloys smas are a unique class of metallic materials with the ability to recover their original shape at certain characteristic temperatures shape memory effect, even under high applied loads and large inelastic deformations, or to undergo large strains without plastic deformation or failure superelasticity. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Design and analysis of artificial muscle robotic elbow joint using shape memory alloy actuator article pdf available in international journal of precision engineering and manufacturing. The paper discusses the general hexapod body design as well as a detailed design of the joints, actuators, and control methods of the individual hexapod legs. Mabe boeing phantom works, mc 4251, po box 3707, seattle, wa 981242207, usa. Position control of shape memory alloy actuators using self tuning fuzzy pid controller kyoung kwan ahn and bao kha nguyen abstract. The kinitics controller interfaces with a standard plc using discrete io and an analog 420ma input for complex control using a number of possible feedback strategies.
This paper describes the design of shape memory alloy force and displacement actuators based upon the thermomechanical constitutive relations previously developed by the authors. This special behavior attracts the use of smas as efficient strokeforce actuators. Jun 11, 2017 this is a little experiment with an shape memory alloy sma spring. The advantages of shape memory alloy sma artificial muscle are lightness and high energy density. Shapememory alloys are applied in medicine, for example, as fixation devices for osteotomies in orthopaedic surgery, as the actuator in surgical tools. A shape memory alloy is an alloy that can be deformed when cold but returns to its predeformed remembered shape when heated.
Design and property analysis of a hybrid linear actuator based on shape memory alloy to cite this article. On the right, notice how much simpler kinitics automation actuator setups are than comparable hydraulic systems. Issues in the design of shape memory alloy actuators. Highly dynamic shape memory alloy actuator for fast moving. This paper introduces an impact drive mechanism idm that utilizes the rapid contraction property of shape memory alloy sma wire. Engineering design framework for a shape memory alloy coil.
Casmart collaborative best practices and case studies article pdf available in international journal of mechanics and materials in design 101 march 2014. A novel shape memory alloy sma actuator consisting of a number of thin niti fibers woven in a counter. There have been many kinds of mobile micro robot using the micro actuators such as ionic polymer metal composite ipmc, micro motors and piezo actuators. Fundamentals on the use of shape memory alloys in soft robotics. On the design of shape memory alloy wire bundle actuators. Dec 20, 2012 the use of shape memory alloys for actuation represents a technological opportunity for development of electromechanical components. This phenomenon results from a crystalline phase change known as thermoelastic manensiric transformation, the shape memory effect in tinel alloys can be used to generate motion andor force in actuators. Shape memory alloys sma, if thermally stimulated by external heat or internal electrical current flow joule effect, exhibit a reversible. Although two way shape memory actuators are available, most appli cations use the oneway effect with an external reset force. Shape memory nitinol alloy springs or nitinol trained wires characteristic to ensure mechanical actions with temperature changes or heated with electrical current, allows the development of simple, more compact and reliable.
In this study, possible structures for an smawirebased idm actuator are investigated, and a prototype actuator comprising a main body, an inertia body, an sma wire, and a bias spring is developed. Modeling, prototyping, and testing of helical shape memory compression springs with hollow cross section, journal of mechanical design. The broad aim of this dissertation is also to pro vide a users guide to the design of smabased actuators. Related content shape memory alloy actuated accumulator for ultradeepwater oil and gas exploration devendra patil and gangbing. This actuator is designed to fit into a customized valve or valve block offering 2. Finite element analysis was employed to model the composite structure and.
Implementation of sma in robotic hand possible designs for the realization of drives made of shape memory alloys include. A continued research and development of these previously demonstrated smart flight control mechanisms was performed with the goal to develop a proofofconcept shape memory alloy sma actuation system, which utilises sma springs to control the six. Noebe national aeronautics and space administration glenn. Design of a humanoid hand using segmented shape memory. Shape memory alloy sma actuators have drawn much attention and interest due to their unique and superior properties, and are expected to be equipped in many modern vehicles at competitive market prices. The p o w er consumption to op erate all actuators w as measured. Development of a proofofconcept aircraft smart control. This ac tuator was designed to apply up to 100 lb 445 n, approximately 300 times its weight, over a maximum distance of 0.
Shape memory alloys actuators sma actuators youtube. Shape memory alloys in automotive applications scientific. An accurately controlled antagonistic shape memory alloy. A preliminary study of a torsional actuator has b een made. Design of space systems using shape memory alloys request pdf. Most of the engineering applications require helical springs as actuators and proper design of sma helical. This alloy was named nitinol nickeltitanium naval ordnance laboratory 4. Design of high temperature tipdcr shape memory alloys with. With the progress of miniaturization, shape memory alloy sma actuators exhibit high energy density, selfsensing ability and ease of fabrication, which make them well suited for practical applications. The hubble space telescope and like are installed with sma actuator element for release and unfolding mechanisms for solar panels mh, eh et al. A novel biomimetic micro robot with wireless control and wireless power supply using shape memory alloy sma actuator is developed.
Design of an improved shape memory alloy actuator for rotor blade tracking kiran singh, master of science, 2002 thesis directed by. This paper proposes an sma based actuator with a novel latching mechanism to make rbds. Pdf design of shape memory alloy actuator with high. Jul 10, 2018 shape memory alloys smas are those materials that respond to temperature changes by changing form factor. Of all existing shape memory alloys, nickeltitanium niti has. Braille displays based on shape memory alloy actuators are a potential low cost alternative but face the challenge of high power consumption, heat accumulation and low response time. But the unpredictable nature of early material versions proved a challenge. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Systemlevel design of a shape memory alloy actuator for active clearance control in the highpressure turbine jonathan a. Systemlevel design of a shape memory alloy actuator for. On the design of a shape memory alloy spring actuator using. Sam zhang is a professor and the associate chair graduate studies of the school of mechanical and aerospace, nanyang technological university.
Design and application of shape memory actuators springerlink. On the design of a shape memory alloy spring actuator using thermal analysis, wseas transactions on systems 7, pp. Fundamentals on the use of shape memory alloys in soft. The design of shape memory actuators is generally based on the different stressstrain curves of the material in its austenitic and martensitic condition. Gibsonc a school of aerospace, mechanical and manufacturing engineering, rmit university, melbourne 3083, australia binstitute of product design and manufacturing, universiti kuala lumpur, kuala lumpur, malaysia. Development of advanced actuators using shape memory. A general method for the design and fabrication of shape. Control system design for a morphing unmanned air vehicle.
In gas turbine powered aircraft the source of the hot gas may be the turbine engine compressor or turbine. Testing a shape memory alloys spring sma actuators youtube. Tw o simple approac hes w ere prop osed to estimate the a v erage p o w er require men ts. The sma actuator in these devices can be emgcontrolled to improved patient outcome. Sma thermomechanical behavior shape memory alloys owe their name to the capability of recovering a predetermined geometrical shape memorized, after a plastic deformation, by a thermally activated martensitic transformation. Design of shape memory alloy spring actuator for pinch. Application of niti in assistive and rehabilitation devices. In this book, the test apparatus designed to characterize the shape memory wires is described, then the characterization tests, modeling and control studies performed on a wire are explained. A new approach to the design of helical shape memory alloy. Shape memory effect mechanism in sma, a change between a mother phase austenite or high temperature phase and a product phase martensite or low temperature phase is produced. The design approach includes coupling between the onedimensional thermomechanical constitutive relations and a lumped capacitance transient thermal analysis. The implementation of shape memory alloys for large. Shape memory alloys smas are popular as actuators for soft bioinspired robots because they are naturally compliant, have high work density, and can be operated using miniaturized on.
Selffolding origami using torsion shape memory alloy wire. Shape memory effect shape memory describes the effect of,storing the original shape of a plastically defonned sample by heating it. Shape memory alloy engineering introduces materials, mechanical, and aerospace engineers to shape memory alloys smas, providing a unique perspective that combines fundamental theory with new approaches to design and modeling of actual smas as compact and inexpensive actuators for use in aerospace and other applications. Variable area jet nozzle for noise reduction using shape. This short monograph presents an analysis and design methodology for shape memory alloy sma components such as wires, beams, and springs for different applications. Sma thermomechanical behavior shape memory alloys owe their name to the capability of recovering a predetermined geometrical shape memorized, after a plastic deformation, by a. The high energy density allows the actuator to make powerful motions. Design of an impact drive actuator using a shape memory.
Fundamentals on the use of shape memory alloys in soft robotics 5 x. Characterization of the microstructure and shape memory behavior of shape memory alloys smas is an essential part of understanding and modeling the behavior of these alloys. Shape memory alloys as linear drives in robot hand actuation. Testing a shape memory alloys spring sma actuators. Published 24 april 2012 2012 iop publishing ltd smart materials and structures, volume 21, number 5. Hutapea et al showed that an actuation system based on shape memory alloy coils could be employed for a wing flap of an aircraft.
Control system design for a morphing unmanned air vehicle wing using shape memory alloy actuators abdullah, e 2011, control system design for a morphing unmanned air vehicle wing using shape memory alloy actuators, doctor of philosophy phd, aerospace, mechanical. It also gives an overview about general design rules and reflects about the strengths of the material and the related opportunities for its application. Design of shape memory alloy sma actuators ashwin rao. Meanwhile, sma wire contracts 6% of its length, which means that the required displacement cannot be achieved by a simple connection. The present study aims to design an experimental test bench to analyze and control a smart structure system composed of a woven fiberglass laminate plate with shape memory alloy sma actuators instilled on the surface. This work further emphasises that these limitations may be improved or even resolved with proper design approaches and techniques. Jiaming leng1, xiaojun yan1,2,3, xiaoyong zhang1,2, dawei huang1 and zhenjian gao1. Issues in the design of shape memory alloy actuators by st. Pdf design and analysis of artificial muscle robotic. Navy, sma technologies were first commercialized by raychem corp. Figure 1 shows the schematic load i deflection diagrams for shape memory springs working against a constant force load and against a bias spring. The actuators satisfy certain applications better than other linearmotion technologies. Kinitics automation actuators use a nickeltitanium shape memory alloy the niti in kinitics in a bundledwire arrangement.
Development of advanced actuators using shape memory alloys. This work presents the design and testing of a shape memory alloy and spring steel flexure actuator for use in a mesoscale, 18 degree of freedom hexapod. Control system design for a morphing unmanned air vehicle wing using shape memory alloy actuators. It may also be called memory metal, memory alloy, smart metal, smart alloy, or muscle wire. Miniaturized rotary actuators using shape memory alloy for. The current work mainly focuses on demonstrating a single design of a flexible shape memory alloy actuator with a multilayer tubular structure. The shape memory effect is often exploited when smas are used as actuators 6 15.
Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Shape memory alloys smas have been used for a wide variety of. Position control of shape memory alloy actuators using. Mechanical engineering the design and development of a linear actuator for macro devices using shape memory alloy sma are desired. At present there are some scientific and technical potential of using the devices with shape memory alloys, the strategy of their usage, highend technology of fabrication of these devices, set of. In the hot bath, it contracts due to the shapememory. Design of a novel flexible shape memory alloy actuator. Introduction shape memory alloy actuators wiley online. The present invention discloses and teaches a unique, remote optically controlled micro actuator particularly suitable for aerospace vehicle applications wherein hot gas, or in the alternative optical energy, is employed as the medium by which shape memory alloy elements are activated. Mavroidis robotics and mechatronics laboratory, department of mechanical and aerospace engineering, rutgers university, the state university of new jersey, 98 brett road, piscataway, nj 088548058, usa abstract. Examples of aerospace, automotive, industrial, and biomedical applications of sma actuation are used to discuss the benefits and limitations of actuations using these alloys. Experimental characterization of shape memory alloys. The use of shape memory alloys for actuation represents a technological opportunity for development of electromechanical components.
Shape memory alloy sma actuators, which have the ability to return to a predetermined shape when heated, have many potential applications such as aeronautics, surgical tools, robotics and so on. Miniaturized rotary actuators using shape memory alloy for insecttype mems microrobot ken saito 1, kei iwata 2, yuki ishihara 2, kazuki sugita 2, minami takato 1 and fumio uchikoba 1 1 department of precision machinery engineering, college of science and technology, nihon university. Design of an impact drive actuator using a shape memory alloy. Shape memory polymers smps are able to recover large deformations compared to. The use of shape memory nitinol alloys for actuation represents a technological opportunity for development of innovative thermostatic and electromechanical actuators. Variable area jet nozzle for noise reduction using shape memory alloy actuators j. Accordingly, load requirement can be satisfied through controlling some design parameters such as thickness and shape of the deformation module of the proposed separation device. T during the temperature induced martensitic transformation is a major obstacle to the functional stability of shape memory alloys smas, especially for high. Yves bellouard micronano scale engineering, mechanical engineering department, eindhoven university of technology, eindhoven, po box 5, 5600. The aim of this design is to accurately augment the strain of the composite plate. Design and property analysis of a hybrid linear actuator. The german vdi guideline for shape memory alloys introduced in 2017.
An earthwormlike micro robot using shape memory alloy. The parameters of the actuator, such as the dimensions of the sma wire and the multilayer tubular structure. The helical tini spring is under tension so it is stretched. Design and analysis of artificial muscle robotic elbow. Design of a variable twist tiltrotor blade using shape. Design of a humanoid hand using segmented shape memory alloy actuators by josiah benjamin rosmarin submitted to the department of mechanical engineering on may 12, 2006 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of science in mechanical engineering abstract. This chapter focuses on the methods and procedures to determine the shape memory properties. Development of advanced actuators using shape memory alloys and electrorheological fluids c. In order to estimate the ultimateload of proposed separation device, computer simulation using. The future use of the linear drive in hand prosthesis largely affects the drive requirements. Numerical simulations and design case studies are presented which show the utility and advantages of this method over design methods currently being used. This paper presents a selfsensing controlled actuator. Sungmin an 1, junghyun ryu 2, maenghyo cho 2 and kyujin cho 1. In most of these designs, sma wires act as artificial muscles to mimic.
In the present work, we have proposed a new design strategy using a shape memory alloy sma spring as an actuator that provides a failsafe function to prevent the blocking of the main optical. Rau is the expert for shape memory alloys assemblies made of shape memory alloys are used as thermal actuators in the automotive industry as well in further fields of measurement and control technolog, appliance technology, aviation industry as well as medical technology. The design approach described herein will provide a practical and convenient method for use in the design of shape memory alloy actuators. Engineering design framework for a shape memory alloy coil spring actuator using a static twostate model. Using three electrical connections the two ends of the wire and a contact in the middle of the wire, the two halves of the wire were differentially heated, which caused repeatable, continuous and directional. Variable geometry jet nozzle using shape memory alloy actuators. In conclusion the future of shape memory alloys in space engineering is considered, that is believed to be single and multiplexaction drives, various kinds of thermomechanical couplings. This book provides a systematic approach to realizing niti shape memory alloy actuation, and is aimed at science and engineering students who would like to develop a better understanding of the behaviors of smas, and learn to design, simulate, control, and fabricate these actuators in a systematic approach.
Using the kinitics controller, the kinitics shape memory alloy actuator products can be used in anything from the simplest to the most elaborate of control strategies. Shape memory alloys are metallic materials that demonstrate the. Shape memory alloy actuator and pump kinitics automation. Selffolding origami using torsion shape memory alloy wire actuators. Shape memory alloys smas are smart materials that have the ability to recover their original shape by eliminating residual deformations, when subjected to adequate temperature rise shape memory effect. Nov 01, 2014 this paper introduces an impact drive mechanism idm that utilizes the rapid contraction property of shape memory alloy sma wire.
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